As migrant spouses’ education increases from high school to some college or above, the increase in their likelihood of hukou locality intermarriage is similar between Shanghai and Shenzhen. When migrant spouses’ education changes from high school to some college or above, their odds of hukou locality intermarriage increase by 159% and 110% in Shanghai and Shenzhen, respectively, and the difference between Shanghai and Shenzhen is not statistically significant (Shanghai: ? = 0.95, exp(?) = 2.59,p < 0.001;> 0.05). In contrast, as migrant spouses’ education changes from less than high school to high school, their odds of intermarriage increase significantly in Shenzhen (? = 0.02 + 1.81 = 1.83,p < 0.001)> 0.05), and the difference is highly significant (dif.: ? = 1.81,p < 0.001).
So it matchmaking is specially strong into loverwhirl naiset the Shenzhen
Complete, along with supporting evidence of a dyadic change, particularly in Shenzhen, i including pick supportive research to possess field exchange, because migrants are more likely to wed a location lover (i.elizabeth., to make hukou intermarriage) as his or her studies increases. The outcomes recommend a top probability of hukou locality-knowledge change to have non-college-educated migrants during the Shenzhen compared to Shanghai, but an equivalent likelihood of hukou area-training exchange within these a few locations to own school-experienced migrants, and this aids Hypothesis 3 that lower probability of hukou locality-knowledge change in the Shanghai, compared to the Shenzhen, retains to have non-college-educated migrants but not for college-experienced migrants.
Based on Model 5 out of Dining table dos and you can Profile dos , local spouses’ knowledge isn’t for the the log-odds of hukou locality intermarriage, which matchmaking will not differ between the two cities
Thus far, you will find noticed only intermarriage anywhere between natives and you can migrants, in the place of distinguishing anywhere between a few hukou items. Inside our try, neighbors try mainly urban hukou owners while migrants primarily keep outlying hukou in metropolises. Especially, into the Shanghai, from the 85% from locals but only about 20% regarding migrants has actually urban hukou. In the Shenzhen, every natives hold metropolitan hukou, but just about thirty five% regarding migrants are metropolitan hukou people. The brand new medical improvement away from hukou type of ranging from natives and you may migrants means a likelihood of hukou particular replace within this inter-hukou-area ine if hukou sorts of affects all of our efficiency.
First, i glance at the shipment from hukou sort of one of intermarriages off hukou locality. As the shown inside the Shape A1, over 50 % of the brand new lovers in which a couple of spouses differ within the hukou locality mode homogamy with respect to hukou type. This is certainly in line with previous findings that every Chinese e hukou types of (Li & Lu, 2008; Wang & The guy, 2014). Good gender asymmetric trend away from hukou interong couples associated with an effective migrant partner and you may a region spouse, only 11% is rural-husband-urban-wife lovers whereas 86% is actually metropolitan-husband-urban-wife lovers. Conversely, certainly people where in actuality the partner was an effective Shanghai regional citizen as well as the wife are a great migrant, 45% try urban-husband-rural-wife partners. This means that, whenever feminine having Shanghai hukou wed migrants, they have a tendency so you can marry urban migrants, whereas men having Shanghai hukou who get married migrant feminine commonly marry outlying migrants. Inside Shenzhen, so it gender trend is actually less noticable: 26% from migrant-husband-local-spouse people keeps an urban wife and a rural partner, while twelve% out of regional-husband-migrant-partner people involve a metropolitan spouse and you may an outlying spouse. These types of findings advise that in Shanghai relationships industry, one another hukou locality and you will hukou type of framework intermarriage patterns, in Shenzhen hukou variety of seems smaller crucial. It then supporting our findings regarding the hukou burden becoming more powerful in Shanghai compared to Shenzhen.
Second, we did a sensitivity analysis by excluding couples in which two spouses differ in both hukou locality and hukou type. In this way, intermarriages that cross hukou locality do not include any couples that might also engage in status exchange in terms of hukou type. The results (available upon request) are substantively the same. Hukou locality homogamy remains more pronounced in Shanghai than in Shenzhen (? Shenzhen*hukou homogamy =?0.42, p < 0.001).>shenzhen*(migrants: high school vs. less than high school) 1.11, p < 0.1).>